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2018年太原中考英语词语运用专项训练
词语运用是一个得分率低、具有区分度的题型，做词语运用的时候，要注意以下几点：
一、明确词义，分类备词
拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先研究方框中所给的备选词汇，判断各个单词的词性，并且进行归类。
二、借助线索，初步归位
通读全文，结合所学语法知识及上下文语境初步选择符合文意的词，针对相关的语法知识，考生可以从以下几个方面着手：
1.如果空格后是谓语动词，且句子的其他内容完整，则该空格应考虑使用名词、人称代词、名词性物主代词、非谓语动词(谓语动词是单三形式时);
2.如果空格前是句子主语，空格后是宾语，此处应考虑动词，构成主谓宾结构；
3.如果空格后是名词，空格前有限定词，则此处应该填形容词或形容词性物主代词；
4.空格前如果有表示程度的副词a little，a bit，a lot，much，even，still，far，rather等或空格后有than时，空格处应考虑用形容词或副词的比较级。
5.如果空格前是一般动词，则考虑空格处填写副词，同时要注意如果空格前是系动词、感官动词或be动词，则需要填形容词，构成主系表结构，此类系动词有become，turn，get，sound，feel等。
三、瞻前顾后，调整形式
经过初步归位后，我们还需要根据语境确定句意，根据语法调整词汇的适当形式，针对形式，考生可以从以下几点进行考虑：
1.名词重点注意名词的复数，其次也要注意名词的所有格及名词变形容词；
2.动词需要注意其单三形式、过去式、过去分词和现在分词，同时要熟悉每种时态及语态的结构，尤其是现在完成时、一般过去时及一般过去时的被动语态；
3.形容词要注意其副词形式、比较级和最高级，同时要考虑其变为名词的形式；
4.代词需注意代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词及反身代词；
5.数词需要注意基数词所对应的相应序数词形式。
四、通读全文，复核验证
复读短文，检查单词拼写是否正确，注意时态、语态、主谓一致和固定搭配，还有首字母的大小写。
根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯，并将答案写在相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。
I make teach after large control
try leaf small quiet before without
As a child，I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others.
I still remember it was an early autumn.Some 1.________ started to turn yellow and the weather became cool.One day，as I was getting ready for school，my mother carelessly handed me my father's vest(背心) instead of 2.________.At that time，I was getting to have a 3.________ size than my father，so when I put on the vest，I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe! I realized that it was a small mistake which 4.________ by my mother，but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that it made me very angry.My mother said sorry with a smile，but I shouted at her 5.________ thinking much，I got it off my body so wildly that I made a hole in it.I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house 6.________ my mother could stop me.
Later，my mother shared her bad feelings with my father，“See what your son has done.” Instead of saying he would scold(责备) or beat me，my father 7.________ asked my mother to mend the vest.
Later when my mother told me about my father's response，I felt ashamed(惭愧的) of my bad behavior.My father's gentle kindness 8.________ me a lesson which I would never forget.
On that day，I decided not to let anger 9.________ me any longer.Of course，there are times when I am angry.However，whenever that happens，I 10.________ to remember my father's vest.It always reminds me to think about others' feelings when I get angry.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者之前容易生气，在撕破一个背心后父亲的表现让作者意识到了自己的错误。文章旨在告诉我们：当你生气的时候，要学着去考虑别人的感受。
【词汇分析】
I pron. 我→me(宾格)→my(形容词性物主代词)→mine(名词性物主代词)→myself(反身代词)
make v. 制作；使→made(过去式/过去分词)→making(动名词/现在分词)→to make(动词不定式)
teach v. 教→taught(过去式/过去分词)→teaching(动名词/现在分词)→to teach(动词不定式)
after conj. 在……之后
large adj. 大的→larger(比较级)→largest(最高级)
control v. 控制→controlled(过去式/过去分词)→controlling(动名词/现在分词)→to control(动词不定式)
try v．尝试→tried(过去式/过去分词)→trying(动名词/现在分词)→to try(动词不定式)
leaf n. 树叶→leaves(复数)
small adj.小的→smaller(比较级)→smallest(最高级)
quiet adj.安静的→quieter(比较级)→quietest(最高级)
before conj. 在……之前
without prep. 没有→with(反义词)
【答案详解】
1．leaves 【解析】根据句意：我依然记得那是一个早秋。一些________开始变黄，并且天气开始变凉爽了。季节为秋天，树叶开始变黄了，结合所给词可知leaf符合语境。由空格前的“some”可知空格处用名词复数，故填leaves。
2．mine 【解析】根据句意：一天，当我准备去学校的时候，我妈妈粗心地把我爸爸的背心而不是________递到我手里。由语境可知，妈妈把我的背心拿错了。结合所给词可知I符合语境，此处用代词I的名词性物主代词形式，mine相当于my vest。
3．larger 【解析】根据句意：那时候，我穿的比我爸爸的尺码________，所以当我穿上背心的时候，我感觉我好像不能呼吸了。由语境可知“我感觉自己不能呼吸”，可知“我比爸爸穿的尺码大”，结合所给词可知large符合语境，由句中的“than”可知应用large的比较级。故填larger。
4．was made 【解析】根据句意：我意识到这是一个由我妈妈制造的小错误，但是无论怎样这种呼吸困难的感觉是如此强烈以至于使我非常生气。本句包含一个which引导的定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，指代a small mistake，由空格后的by可知此处是被动语态，句子的时态为一般过去时。故填was made。
5．without 【解析】根据句意：我妈妈带着微笑对我说抱歉，但是我________再三考虑就对她大喊。由语境可知此处表示“我没有考虑就对妈妈大吼”，空格后为动词thinking，故空格前用介词without符合句意和语法。
6．before 【解析】根据句意：在我妈妈能够阻止我________，我穿上自己的背心就冲出了房子。分析句子结构可知空格处缺少一个连词，结合语境可知此处表示“在妈妈阻止我之前，我就冲出家门了”。故填before。
7．quietly 【解析】根据句意：他不是责备或者打我，我爸爸________让我妈妈把那个背心修补好。分析句子成分可知，空格处缺少一个修饰动词asked的副词，结合所给词和句意可知quiet的副词形式符合句意和语法。
8．taught 【解析】根据句意：我爸爸温柔的善良________我一个终生难忘的教训。句中包含一个固定搭配“teach sb.a lesson，给某人一个教训”。句子的时态为一般过去时，故填taught。
9．control 【解析】根据句意：在那天，我决定不再让生气________我。根据语境可知此处表示“我决定不让生气控制我”，句中包含固定搭配“let sth.do”，故填control。
10．will try 【解析】根据句意：然而，无论什么时候(我生气的时候)，我________记着我爸爸的背心。分析句子结构可知空格处缺少谓语动词，由句中的“whenever”可知空格处谓语动词用将来时，句中包含固定搭配“try to do sth.”。故填will try。
Passage 1
so we who teach bright different
he eye show heart complete understand
Few people today educate the children about the value of empathy(同情；同感)．Most people feel so hard 1.to_show their love and care towards others and to actually understand what they are going through.
When I was a child，I 2.was_taught to go out of my way to make someone else happy.My mom would tell me to say at least one kind word to someone else every day.I admit that it wasn't very easy to do.But as soon as you see the look of thanks in that person's 3.eyes，you just want to do as much as you can.
I had an experience with a young man 4.who/whom people were always making fun of.Every time I saw that happening，I knew in my heart that it was wrong.I decided I would try to be his friend.I started walking with him and introducing him to people around 5.us.I was making him happy by just doing that.And I loved the fact that I was really making a 6.difference in his life.
After a while，I realized that he wasn't the kind of person everybody thought he was.We are still really good friends today.People have almost 7.completely stopped making fun of him.But he is still what he was.What had changed was the attitudes of others towards him.
From this experience I 8.have_understood that I should be more loving towards other people already.What I did for my friend was so easy，and at the same time I had a lot of fun，9.so I hope that everyone could say a kind word to someone else at least once a day.I can promise it will be the best feeling you can ever get.
One kind word could make someone's day 10.brighter. Why not do it from now on?
Passage 2
I that thing stand anger serious
who find near support danger everywhere
For a long time，I saw happiness as a huge banner across the finish line of a long race.I felt that only when I completed certain 1.things could I finally be happy in my life.Most of the time I felt like a tortoise.I believed that being slow and strongminded would win the race.At other times I would act like a rabbit.I tried different roads at a 2.dangerous speed，hoping to reach that banner a little faster.Gradually，I began to see that no matter how long I raced towards it，the banner never got any 3.nearer. I finally decided one day to sit down and take a rest.It was then that I saw my happiness sitting beside 4.me．
It had been with me as I worked hard 5.to_support my family，as I played with my children and I heard their laughter and even when I was 6.seriously ill with my wife at my side looking after me.It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner.I just didn't have the ability to see it.
There is an old saying 7.that goes，“Tension is who you think you should be.Relaxation is who you are.” Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the perfect life we think we should have.We should enjoy the life we have now.Happiness will never 8.be_found under some banner far away.You will find it in your own heart，soul and mind.You will find it when you realize that others love you just as you do.
Don't be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness.Be a playful little dog and carry your stick of joy with you 9.everywhere you go.Take yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness，you 10.have_stood there already.Happiness is just around the corner.
Passage 3
one fill quick write except interest
you late come story unless young
Just look at how much young writers like Han Han and Guo Jingming are loved，we may know writing has become a fashion among today's teenagers.
Gao Can，a 13yearold girl，is the 1.youngest member of the Association of Writers of Shaanxi.She writes fairy tales，short 2.stories，and most of all，poems.Gao said she began poem writing when she was in primary school.Once the teacher asked the class 3.to_write a composition called “If I were...”．Gao had an idea，“Why not make it a poem？” That was her 4.first poem，and it won a lot of compliments from both her teacher and her classmates.So far，hundreds of her poems 5.have_come out.
“Writing poems is not difficult at all.Just express 6.yourself/yourselves — what you do，what you see or what you think.” said Gao，“I don't have enough life experience，so I write about nature，about things I feel inside.”
However，teenagers these days seldom write poems or read them because exams want any kind of articles 7.except poems.
But like Gao，there are still students who like poems.Hu Jingzhi is one of them.The 14yearold boy said he was 8.interested in poem writing.But it was annoying that he couldn't find many poem collections in nearby bookshops.
Gao agreed with Hu.She said today's bookshops 9.were_filled with books on “how to give a successful speech”，“how to know what others think” or “how to make money 10.quickly ”．
“Poems won't teach you how to make money，but the beautiful words clear your mind and activate your imagination.” said Gao，“At least read poems—for the nice things in life.”
Passage 1
always talk count I below friend
or people send free around and
Next time you're in a public place，take a look around you.And 1.count how many people are using their phones.I can tell you now that it is probably more than half，whether you're on a bus，in a café 2.or simply walking down the street.
I'm not saying that I am not an example of this，but it 3.always amazes(使惊愕) me how people can spend so much time on their phones without 4.talking to others.Has it gone too far?
Recently，my smart phone broke and had to be 5.sent off for repair for a week or so.I had to use a really old，basic phone just to keep me in touch with my family and 6.friends．All I could do on this phone was to send text messages，make calls and play one game.And I loved it.I loved being 7.free from the Internet，and I really didn't mind not having updates(更新) about what my friends were doing.It allowed 8.me to spend more time enjoying my time in London and watching the people 9.around me and really see what was going on.
However，I knew that as soon as I got my smart phone back I would be one of those 10.people once again.Perhaps I should just go back to using the basic phone and forget I ever got my smart phone back.
Passage 2
around beauty color disappear down
go hold I keep luck paint work
A boy thought that he was the most unhappy person in the world.In his opinion，he was 1.unlucky because almost everything bad always happened to him.So he wanted to find the secret to happiness.He walked a long way and finally came to a 2.beautiful palace.There，he met the king.
After learning why the boy had come，the king suggested that he should look around the palace and come back in two hours.“At the same time，I want you 3.to_hold this spoon with milk，” said the king.“As you walk around my palace，carry this spoon without spilling(溢出) the milk.”
The boy 4.kept his eyes fixed on the spoon and began to walk around the golden palace.After two hours，he came back to the king.“Well，” asked the king.“Did you see the wonderful 5.paintings_ in my dining hall？Did you see the 6.colorful flowers in the garden？” The boy felt sorry because he saw nothing.He only paid attention to the milk.
“Then go back and see the beauty of 7.my world，”said the king.This time the boy saw all of the 8.works of art on the walls.He saw the great gardens and mountains all around.When he came back，he described everything he saw.
“But where is the milk？”asked the king.Looking 9.down at the spoon he held，the boy saw the milk was 10.gone．“Well，there is only one piece of advice I can give you，” said the king.“The secret to happiness is to see all the beauty of the world and also keep an eye on the milk on the spoon.”
Passage 3
he because start really for idea by
language since popular care mean
“If you agree with me，please Dianzan.”Do you know Dianzan is one of the most 1.popular words on the Internet？When you think someone's 2.ideas are right，when you think someone's articles are wonderful，or when you are moved by what someone writes，you can click (点击)the praise sign.Anyhow，clicking the praise sign 3.means that you agree with someone or praise someone.
Dianzan is a kind of Chinese Internet 4.language．People usually use it when they surf the Internet.There is a function (功能) of Dianzan in the QQ space.The QQ space has had the function 5.since it appeared in 2010.It didn't become very popular until Sina blog (新浪博客) 6.started the function of Dianzan.In recent years，it has become more and more popular.When the 2015 New Year came，Chinese leader Xi Jinping used the word Dianzan to praise and express 7.his thanks to the great Chinese people.
Websites can know how many people support some ideas 8.by counting how many people click the praise sign.Experts can know what teenagers are 9.caring about through what they click the sign for.That can help them solve teenagers' problems.
Clicking the praise sign is 10.really an easy thing.Have you ever clicked the sign for anybody on the Internet?
Passage 4
money cover time similar hand I
hope by because situation such when
A group of Canadian kids are spreading a bit of Christmas spirit in Halifax，Nova Scotia. They 1.covered warm clothes around light poles (灯杆) for the city's homeless people to pick up and use.It was 2.such an unusual sight that locals stopped to take pictures to share on social media(媒体)．
The kids spent time 3.handing out coats to the homeless and tied the rest around light poles for others to pick up.Each of the clothes had a tag that read，“I am not lost.If you are caught in the cold，please take 4.me to keep warm.” According to Tara，a mother of a kid，the experience helped the children better understand the difficult 5.situation of homeless people.
6．By next morning，all the jackets，gloves，and scarves on the poles were gone.Photos of the inspiring project have been shared about 8，000 7.times on Facebook，and have got over 10，000 likes.Tara，who did something 8.similar in Toronto in December last year，says she's planning next year's coat drive.She 9.hopes that the meaningful thing can spread around the world.She also wants to add $5 fast food gift card so that the homeless people can also enjoy a hot meal.
“We've got help from others 10.when we were in need，and we knew how great it made us feel，” said Zackary Atkins，Tara's husband.
Passage 5
catch kind go be harmful without
whenever pride see surprise however good
Kara had never liked spiders(蜘蛛).1.Whenever she saw a spider in the house，she quickly stepped on it.
One day，she learned about food chains at school.Kara's teacher said that most spiders are not2.harmful to humans.They have important jobs to do outdoors.Spiders eat many 3.kinds of insects.They really help to protect plants from 4.being destroyed(破坏)．“When you see a spider in your house，” said Kara's teacher，“you can scoop it into a plastic container (容器) instead of killing it.5.Without touching the spider，close the lid (盖子)．Then，let the spider itself 6.go outside.”
That night，Kara 7.saw a spider inside the house near the front door.At first，she wanted to step on it.But then she remembered what her teacher had said.She ran into the kitchen and asked her mom to help her 8.catch the spider in a plastic container.To their great 9.surprise，the spider walked right into the container! Kara and her mom took the container outside.They opened the lid，and the spider walked out.
As the spider walked away，Kara felt10.proud．“We saved that spider's life.And we helped a food chain，” she said，smiling.
Passage 6
children discourage under kiss upset
shout look beg bring something in take
A long time ago，a man punished his 3yearold daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping (包着的) paper. Money was tight and he became very angry when the child tried to decorate (装饰的) a box to put 1.under the Christmas tree.
However，the little girl 2.brought the gift to her father the next morning and said，“This is for you，Daddy.” The father was 3.discouraged by his earlier overreaction(过激的), but his anger rose again when he found out the box was empty.He 4.shouted at her.“Don't you know，when you give someone a present，there should be 5.something inside？”
The little girl 6.looked up at him，tears filled in her eyes，and cried，“Oh，Daddy，it's not empty at all.I blew 7.kisses into the box.They are all for you，Daddy.” The father was shocked.He put his arms around his little girl，and he 8.begged for her forgiveness.
Only a short time later，an accident took the life of the child.Her father kept that gold box by his bed for many years，and whenever he was 9.upset，he would take out an imaginary kiss and remember the love of his 10.child who had put it there.
Passage 7
play polite you surprise with work
even step action loud much they
David received a parrot for his birthday.The parrot had a poor vocabulary，and many were not 1.polite．David tried hard to change the bird's words and was often saying polite words，2.playing soft music，trying anything he could think of to set a good example，but nothing 3.worked.He shouted at the bird and the bird just got angry and became 4.even less polite.Finally，without any hope，David put the parrot in the fridge.For a few moments he heard the bird kick and cry 5.loudly in it.Then suddenly it was quiet—not a sound for half a minute.David was frightened that he might have hurt the bird and quickly opened the fridge door.The parrot quietly 6.stepped out onto David's arm and said，“I believe that I may have made you angry 7.with me about my impolite language and 8.actions．I will try my best at once to be polite.I am really sorry and beg 9.your pardon.”
David was surprised at the bird's change，and he was just to ask what had made such a 10.surprising change when the parrot went on saying，“May I ask what the chicken in the fridge did？”
Passage 8
airport I wife meet sweet and
with decide Africa help so want
Here was an interesting story about learning English.George was head of an1.African country.He was going to pay a visit to the USA.He2.decided to learn some English words so that he might greet Obama，president of the USA，in English.So he asked his wife for3.help because she knew a little English.His4.wife told him，“When you 5.meet Mr.President，just greet him with ‘How are you？’，and he may answer ‘I am fine'.Then you need only to say ‘6.Me，too’，and leave the rest to your interpreter(口译员)．”
When his plane landed at the 7.airport，George was a little nervous，he said to the smiling Obama，“Who are
you？” This was quite unexpected to the president and surprised him greatly.But he quickly calmed(冷静)down.Still 8.with a smile on his face，he answered，“I am Michelle Obama's husband.” To his reply, George answered back without a moment “Me，too”，9.and looked at the president's wife，Michelle，smiling 10.sweetly as well.
Passage 9
someone fall be why real however
on between satisfy surprise in what
Lian Ruohan，13，from Beijing
I once had a friend named Jenny.One day，we had a math exam.It was 1.really difficult.When the exam ended，all of us felt like we had not passed.The next day，the exam results came out.Surprisingly，I got an A，but she got a D．She thought that I had copied 2.someone's paper.I was really angry，and I ended my friendship with her.
Cui Rongji，14，from Shandong
I had a good friend who was the president(社长) of the reading club at our school.I was a member of the club.But my friend didn't do her job very well，and my teacher was not 3.satisfied．Later，she left the club，and I became the president.She felt it was unfair.She didn't talk to me and even spoke badly about me behind my back.I didn't understand 4.why she felt like that，and then our friendship ended.
Cui Anqi，14，from Guangdong
Two years ago，I had a good friend.She was kind and cheerful(开朗的)．We always played happily together.But one day，I was walking upstairs in front of her.She followed right behind me，and she held my waist(腰)．Suddenly，I wanted to play a joke on her.I leaned(倚靠) on her hands gently.But to my 5.surprise，she took her hands away at once and said，“Are you 6.falling down？” I was so disappointed(失望的) with her，and our friendship came to an end.
Zhao Jiacheng，14，from Shaanxi
I made a friend one year ago.Last summer vacation，we went 7.on a journey.I found he was a little selfish.He didn't notice a beggar(乞丐) by the side of the road，and he kicked over the money people gave away.8.However，he didn't plan to apologise to him.I thought he never cared about others.So I wanted to break off the friendship 9.between us.But we talked with each other about this problem.After that，I realize that everyone has his or her own merits(优点) and defects(缺点)．We must treat them properly.So we 10.are still friends today.