一、指代不同
1、give in:屈服。
2、give up:放弃。
二、语法不同
1、give in:give接双宾语时,间接宾语是人,双宾语的句型可以转变为跟to短语的句型,但当间接宾语是物时,则间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后的位置是固定的,不可以转换。
2、give up:give接双宾语时的被动结构可把间接宾语变为主语; 也可把直接宾语变为主语。但人们通常对人(或动物)比对物更感兴趣,所以用人作主语比较多。
三、侧重点不同
1、give in:侧重于按照对方的想法做。
2、give up:侧重于表达不做了。
1、Her doctor advised her to give up smoking. (她的医生建议她戒烟。)
2、He give up basketball in order to focus on his musical career. (为了专注于音乐事业,他放弃了打篮球。) [此处basketball是打篮球运动,不是”篮球“物体]
3、The factory workers have been on strike for weeks, but neither they nor the factory owners show any signs of giving in and trying to work out a compromise. (工厂工人已经罢工数周,但他们和工厂老板都没有表现出任何让步和试图达成妥协的迹象。)[互相都认为侵占了对方利益]
4、Arthritis has made it difficult for Walter to keep doing his job, but he won't give in and retire. (关节炎让沃尔特很难继续工作,但他不会屈服和退休。)[关节炎要进来]
5、Kids must try hard to resist giving in to peer pressure. (孩子们必须努力抵抗同龄人的压力。)
6、The authorities refused to give in to the hostage takers' demands. (当局拒绝屈服于劫持者的要求。)